6 Different Types of Motorcycle Chassis - Explained

Different types of Bike Chassis

After understanding what is chassis in a bike, you would want to learn more about its different types. Keep reading for more:

1. Backbone Frame

It is a spine-like frame holding together different parts of a bike. It is not a complete skeleton but only provides the backbone. It uses less amount of material and has the engine bolted on its spine.

Advantages of Backbone Frame

• Cost-effective
• Suitable for entry-level bikes

Disadvantages of Backbone Frame

• Lacks strength
• Low torsional rigidity

2. Single Cradle Frame

Also called a single down tube frame, it contains several steel tubes joined together in a bicycle-like pattern. That is why it looks much like a fully-built bicycle. This basic frame is often used in budget-friendly motorcycles. This frame has the engine cradled in its chassis as a stressed member. It has one steel tube going underneath the engine.

Advantages of single cradle frame

• Cost-effective 
• Good for low-power vehicles

Disadvantages of single cradle frame

• Lacks strength
• Not suitable for high-performance bikes

3. Double Cradle Frame

Although similar to a single cradle frame, it has two tubes supporting the engine, providing the bike with better structural rigidity and strength. That is why it is also called the double-down tube chassis. As a result, the bike can handle forces when driving or braking heavily at different angles. It is an excellent combination of cost-efficacy and quality.

Advantages of double cradle frame

• Better strength and quality
• Cost-effective

Disadvantages of double cradle frame

• Old and outdated design
• Not suitable for high-performance bikes

4. Perimeter Frame (Twin Spar frame)

The perimeter frame is a popular choice for high-performance bikes. The steering band is connected with a swing arm, delivering a noticeable boost to the bike's rigidity. Two beams reach out to the pivot arm around the engine. With adequately stiff rods, it improves the performance significantly while reducing weight.

Advantages of Perimeter frame

• A popular choice for high-performance bikes

Disadvantages of Perimeter frame

• Less power delivery than trellis frame

Trellis Frame

The trellis frame works on the same principle as a perimeter frame. It connects the steering bar to the swing arm. However, the difference lies in the construction of the connectors. In a trellis frame, aluminium or steel tubes are connected together to form a structure like a trellis.

Advantages of Trellis frame

• Lightweight
• Easy construction

Disadvantages of Trellis frame

• Low efficiency than monocoque frames

5. Monocoque Frame

The construction of a monocoque frame is expensive and needs top-notch machinery and robotisation. Since it is meant for extremely high-performance bikes only, it is the rarest type of bike chassis used in the two-wheeler industry. The entire frame structure is extremely stiff. It uses light yet stiff materials for manufacturing, like magnesium and carbon fibre.

Advantages of Monocoque frame

• Uses sophisticated technology for construction
• Brings out the best in the bike

Disadvantages of Monocoque frame

• Too expensive 
• Used in rare bikes

Conclusion

Every motorcycle starts with a chassis as it provides support to all other components like tyres, engines, fuel tanks, handlebars, exhaust, fenders, etc. When shopping for a motorcycle, knowing the different chassis types is important to make the right choice. 

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. What materials are commonly used in motorcycle chassis construction?

Steel is the most common material used for constructing motorcycle chassis. However, aluminium, titanium, magnesium, and carbon fibre are also used.

2. How does the chassis contribute to the overall performance of the motorcycle?

The bike chassis gives a skeleton to the bike parts. The sturdier the chassis, the more brunt the bike can take, delivering high performance and lasting longer.

3. Can I modify my motorcycle's chassis?

Modifying the bike chassis is possible but not recommended, as it disrupts the bike's structure and integrity. 

4. What is the significance of the wheelbase in a motorcycle chassis?

The wheelbase of a motorcycle chassis provides manoeuvrability and stability to the vehicle, which is why it is very important.

5. Can a damaged chassis be repaired, or does it need replacement?

Minor bends and cracks can be repaired with welding and hydraulic tools. However, they may become more serious in subsequent collisions. So, it’s better to replace the chassis if badly damaged.

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