Multi Point Fuel Injection: What Is It and How It Works

A vehicle with a high-performance engine is crucial for maximum performance, reduced emissions, and future fuel savings. In this regard, the MPFI system has become increasingly popular. This advanced technology provides fuel to every cylinder with great accuracy, enhancing engine efficiency.

Read this blog to learn how the MPFI system improves car performance, its major components, and how you can finance a pre-owned car with a Used Car Loan from Hero FinCorp.

What is a Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI) System?

The MPFI engine full form is Multi-Point Fuel Injection. It is an advanced fuel delivery system that infuses fuel into each cylinder manifold. This results in improved atomisation of the fuel, increased combustion, reduced emissions and better fuel efficiency.

Multi-Point Fuel Injection System - Key Components

The MPFI system consists of numerous components. They all work together to ensure better fuel delivery.

Fuel Pump

Draws fuel from the tank and delivers it to the fuel rail under high pressure, ensuring a steady and uninterrupted supply to the injectors for efficient combustion.

Fuel Rail

Serves as an access to transmit fuel uniformly on all injectors, ensuring identical pressure and uniform fuel delivery per cylinder for the purpose of proper engine performance.

Fuel Pressure Regulator

Regulates fuel pressure in the fuel rail to prevent extra pressure build-up and delivers a smooth, regulated fuel supply to the injectors for the best combustion and efficiency.

Fuel Injectors

Directly spray fuel into the intake manifold to ensure precise fuel delivery. Each injector is linked to a specific cylinder, improving fuel atomisation and combustion efficiency.

Throttle Body

Regulates air intake into the engine, working in coordination with the injectors to maintain an optimal air-fuel ratio, improving engine response and fuel efficiency.

Intake Manifold

Distributes the air-fuel mixture evenly across all cylinders, ensuring uniform combustion. Its design enhances engine efficiency, power output, and smooth operation.

Sensors

Includes oxygen, mass air flow, and throttle position sensors, which provide real-time data to the ECU for optimising fuel injection, air intake, and overall engine performance.

Electronic Control Unit (ECU)

The ECU is the brain of the MPFI system, processing sensor data and adjusting fuel injection timing and quantity to enhance efficiency, performance, and emissions control.

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How Does the MPFI System Work?

Here’s how the MPFI system functions:

• Fuel Delivery – The fuel pump sends pressurised fuel to the fuel rail.
• Air Intake – The airflow is regulated into the intake manifold through the throttle body.
• Sensor Inputs – Sensors send real-time data to the ECU regarding air pressure, throttle position, and engine temperature.
• Fuel Injection – Fuel quantity required is decided by the ECU and the injectors are driven by it accordingly.
• Combustion – The air-fuel mixture is ignited within the cylinders, which generates power.
• Emissions Control – Exhaust gases are monitored by oxygen sensors, and the ECU adjusts fuel injection to enhance performance and cut down emissions.

Different Types of Multi-Point Fuel Injection Systems

The MPFI engines come in a variety of models, each built to maximise fuel delivery, performance, and efficiency depending on the driving condition as well as engine demand.

Simultaneous Multi-Point Fuel Injection

All injectors spray fuel at the same time, irrespective of a cylinder's location in the combustion system. This ensures fast and even fuel delivery, improving throttle response and overall engine performance.

Sequential Multi-Point Fuel Injection

Injectors spray fuel in succession, matching each cylinder's intake stroke. This enhances combustion efficiency, improves fuel economy, and minimises emissions for a more refined engine operation.

Batched Multi-Point Fuel Injection

Injectors burst in batches, delivering fuel to targeted cylinder sets simultaneously. It's a cost-efficient option in between sequential injection and the other options.

Direct-Injection MPFI (GDI)

Delivers fuel directly to the combustion chamber rather than into the intake manifold. This increases power output while increasing fuel economy and decreasing emissions for improved performance overall.

Dual-Stage Multi-Point Fuel Injection

Employs two injectors on each cylinder, one for low load and another for high load. This arrangement maximises fuel injection, providing better performance over different driving scenarios.

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Multi-Point Fuel Injection Systems - Advantages

MPFI systems enhance fuel efficiency, engine performance, and reliability while reducing emissions. Their precise fuel delivery and optimised combustion make them a preferred choice for modern vehicles.

1. Better Fuel Efficiency

MPFI sends fuel in exact amounts, avoiding wastage and improving mileage. The system encourages ideal combustion, thus reducing fuel consumption and cost savings over time.

2. Improved Engine Performance

With exact fuel-air mixtures, MPFI ensures smooth acceleration, consistent power delivery, and better throttle response, providing a more enjoyable driving experience.

3. Lower Emissions

The system promotes efficient combustion, reducing toxic exhaust gases like carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons and thus rendering it less toxic to the environment.

4. Better Cold-Start Capability

MPFI provides better ignition stability under cold conditions by supplying a proper fuel-air mixture, reducing engine hesitation, and enhancing starting efficiency.

5. Increased Engine Life

Effective combustion of fuel minimises the formation of carbon deposits on engine parts, thus lowering wear and tear, extending life, and ensuring overall engine health.

Multi-Point Fuel Injection Systems - Disadvantages

While MPFI systems offer many benefits, they also have certain drawbacks, including higher costs and maintenance complexity.

Higher Initial Cost

MPFI systems are more expensive to install than traditional carburettor systems. The advanced technology and components contribute to a higher upfront cost.

Complex Maintenance

MPFI systems require specialised servicing and diagnostics, which may not be available at all service centres. The routine maintenance may be time-consuming and expensive.

Sensitive to the Fuel Quality

Because MPFI engines are very fuel-sensitive, operating on inferior or dirty fuel will damage the injectors and result in unreliable performance and costly repairs.

Costly Repairs

Replacement of components such as sensors or fuel injectors may be costly. Such items are usually costly, and fixing them might need professional help, which is a financial strain.

Also Read: 10 Used Cng & Automatic Cars Under 2 Lakhs in India

Why MPFI Cars Are Preferred for Used Car Loans?

MPFI cars are popular choices for used car loans due to their advanced fuel efficiency, improved performance, and long-term reliability.

Enhanced Fuel Efficiency

MPFI systems pump precise amounts of fuel, cutting down on wastage and increasing overall fuel efficiency. This makes MPFI vehicles economical to use and ideal for loan requests.

Better Engine Performance

With smoother acceleration and increased power, MPFI vehicles promise better engine performance, providing a more reliable driving experience, which makes them more suitable for used car financing.

Lower Maintenance Costs

MPFI vehicles need to be serviced less often, reducing long-term maintenance expenses and making them a safer investment for lenders.

Higher Resale Value

MPFI cars usually have a better resale value, which makes them a safer collateral for loan providers. This helps to drive higher loan approval ratios among prospective customers.

Also Read: 10 Used Cars Under 4 Lakhs in India: Top Picks

Conclusion

A Multi-Point Fuel Injection system drastically improves a vehicle's performance, fuel economy, and life. So, even if buying a second-hand car, consider an MPFI engine that offers several advantages. If you are short on funds, you can take a Used Car Loan from Hero FinCorp and get up to Rs 50 Lakh as per your need and eligibility to buy a pre-owned car of your choice.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is a multi-point fuel injection?

It’s a system that injects fuel into each cylinder’s intake manifold for better efficiency and performance.

2. Which is better, MPFI or direct injection?

Direct injection offers better efficiency, but MPFI provides smoother performance and lower maintenance costs.

3. What is a multiport fuel injection system?

It’s another term for MPFI, where each cylinder gets its own fuel injector.

4. Which is better, the carburettor or the MPFI?

These days, MPFI is better for its improved fuel efficiency, lower emissions, and powerful engine performance.

5. What is the working principle of MPFI?

It precisely injects fuel into the intake manifold based on ECU signals.

6. What are the problems with MPFI?

It requires high-quality fuel and specialised maintenance and is costlier to repair.

7. What is the difference between MPFI and CRDI?

MPFI is used in petrol engines, while CRDI is used in diesel engines for more efficient fuel delivery.

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